{"id":2358,"date":"2016-03-03T22:29:59","date_gmt":"2016-03-03T14:29:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yanntardis.com\/?p=2358"},"modified":"2016-03-03T22:38:26","modified_gmt":"2016-03-03T14:38:26","slug":"%e8%a5%bf%e6%96%b9%e5%93%b2%e5%ad%a6%e5%8f%b2%ef%bc%9a%e4%bc%91%e8%b0%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yanntardis.com\/?p=2358","title":{"rendered":"\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b66\u53f2\uff1a\u4f11\u8c1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/yanntardis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/A-History-of-Western-Philosophy.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-2211\" src=\"https:\/\/yanntardis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/A-History-of-Western-Philosophy-188x300.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 188px) 100vw, 188px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/yanntardis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/A-History-of-Western-Philosophy-188x300.jpg 188w, https:\/\/yanntardis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/A-History-of-Western-Philosophy.jpg 288w\" alt=\"A History of Western Philosophy\" width=\"188\" height=\"300\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<td><em>A History of Western Philosophy<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b66\u53f2<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Bertrand Russell<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u7f57\u7d20<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>9780415325059<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u4f11\u8c1f\uff08<strong>David Hume<\/strong>\uff09\u662f18\u4e16\u7eaa\u82f1\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u300a<strong>\u4eba\u6027\u8bba<\/strong>\u300b\u5206\u4e3a\u7406\u667a\u3001\u60c5\u611f\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u4e09\u5377\u3002 <span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f11\u8c1f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86&#8221;<strong>\u5370\u8c61<\/strong>&#8220;\u548c&#8221;<strong>\u89c2\u5ff5<\/strong>&#8220;\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u524d\u8005\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u548c\u731b\u70c8\u7684\u77e5\u89c9\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u662f\u601d\u8003\u548c\u63a8\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u5fc3\u50cf\u3002\u4e00\u5207\u5355\u7eaf\u5370\u8c61\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u590d\u5408\u89c2\u5ff5\u5219\u672a\u5fc5\u548c\u5370\u8c61\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u7531\u6b64\uff0c\u4f11\u8c1f\u5728\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4e2d\u9a71\u8d70\u4e86\u5b9e\u4f53\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5373\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728&#8221;\u81ea\u6211&#8221;\u8fd9\u79cd\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709&#8221;\u81ea\u6211&#8221;\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u7684&#8221;\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728&#8221;\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u666e\u901a\u610f\u4e49\u7684&#8221;\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728&#8221;\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8bf4\u5b83\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4e0e\u5426\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\u3002<\/span> <span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u4f11\u8c1f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5389\u5bb3\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e&#8221;<strong>\u76d6\u7136\u6027<\/strong>&#8220;\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u9760\u975e\u8bba\u8bc1\u6027\u63a8\u8bba\u4ece\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u6240\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u90a3\u79cd\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9e\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u4f11\u8c1f\u8bf4\u6709\u4e03\u79cd\u54f2\u5b66\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">\u6709\u7684\u4ec5\u4f9d\u5b58\u4e8e\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u662f<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u786e\u5b9e\u7684<\/span><\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">\u7c7b\u4f3c<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">\u91cf\u6216\u6570\u7684\u6bd4\u7387<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">\u4efb\u4e00\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">\u76f8\u53cd<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">\u6709\u7684\u662f\u89c2\u5ff5\u867d\u6beb\u65e0\u53d8\u5316\u800c\u80fd\u4f7f\u5176\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u662f<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u76d6\u7136\u7684<\/span><\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">\u540c\u4e00\uff1a\u5fc3\u4e0d\u8d85\u8d8a\u76f4\u63a5\u5448\u73b0\u4e8e\u611f\u5b98\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u4e4b\u5916<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a\u540c\u4e0a<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">\u56e0\u679c\uff1a\u4ece\u67d0\u4e2a\u4e8b\u7269\uff0f\u4e8b\u4ef6\u63a8\u8bba\u5176\u4ed6\u67d0\u4e2a\u4e8b\u7269\uff0f\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u4ea7\u751f\u53e6\u4e00\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e8c\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u53d1\u73b0\u5f97\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u7531\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8ba4\u8bc6\u539f\u56e0\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u51ed\u63a8\u7406\u6216\u8005\u5185\u7701\u6765\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u662f\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4f7f\u4eba\u6709\u4e86\u5173\u4e8e\u539f\u56e0\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u7684&#8221;\u56e0\u4e3aA\u6240\u4ee5B&#8221;\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u6307\u5c61\u6b21\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230&#8221;\u5c61\u6b21\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230&#8217;A\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u7740\u6709B\u7684\u5370\u8c61&#8217;\u7684\u60c5\u51b5&#8221;\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u70b9\uff1a1\uff09\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8bf4&#8221;\u56e0A\u679cB&#8221;\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5728\u8bf4&#8221;\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u91cc\uff0cA\u3001B\u4e00\u5411\u5c61\u6b21\u76f8\u7ee7\u6216\u4e00\u8d77\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230A\u540e\u9762\u4e0d\u8ddf\u7740B\uff0c\u6216\u8005A\u3001B\u4e0d\u76f8\u4f34\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u4e8b\u4f8b&#8221;\u30022\uff09\u5355\u7eaf\u679a\u4e3e\u5f52\u7eb3\u4e0d\u662f\u59a5\u5b9e\u7684\u8bba\u8bc1\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u4f11\u8c1f\u8fdb\u800c\u4e3b\u5f20\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e0d\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u9884\u6599\u5c06\u6765\u4f1a\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7406\u7531\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u6bc1\u4e09\u89c2\u7684\u987f\u609f\u540e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u4f55\u9762\u5bf9\u73b0\u5b9e\u751f\u6d3b\u5462\uff1f\u4f11\u8c1f\u89c9\u5f97\u662f\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0f\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff08belief\uff09\u5728\u652f\u6491\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u539f\u56e0\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u63a8\u8bba\u65e0\u975e\u662f\u7531\u4e60\u60ef\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0f\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e0e\u5176\u8bf4\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5929\u6027\u4e2d\u601d\u8003\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u8bf4\u662f\u611f\u89c9\u90e8\u5206\u6bd4\u8f83\u6070\u5f53\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u65e0\u6240\u77e5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0f\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e5f\u7edd\u4e0d\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c3d\u53ef\u95ee\uff0c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4fc3\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u76f8\u4fe1\u7269\u4f53\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u95ee\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u6709\u7269\u4f53\u5374\u5f92\u52b3\u65e0\u76ca\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u4fbf\u884d\u751f\u5230\u4e86\u4e86<strong>\u6000\u7591\u4e3b\u4e49<\/strong>\u7684\u8303\u7574\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u56e0\u4e3a\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0f\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4f7f\u4f60\u8212\u670d\uff0c\u5c31\u653e\u5f03\u6000\u7591\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">\u96be\u5f97\u78b0\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u90a3\u4e48\u5bf9\u6211\u80c3\u53e3\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u5938\u5956\u4f11\u8c1f\u4e86\u3002\u7f57\u7d20\u8bf4\u4f11\u8c1f\u7684\u8bba\u8bc1\u6ca1\u4ec0\u4e48\u5730\u65b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u653b\u51fb\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd8\u662f\u89c9\u5f97\u4ed6\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u6b7b\u80e1\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6cbf\u7740\u4ed6\u7684\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u518d\u5f80\u524d\u8fdb\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5373\u4f7f\u4f11\u8c1f\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7406\u8bba\uff08\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6000\u7591\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\uff09\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u4e4b\u524d\u4e5f\u60f3\u8fc7\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u6b21\u8bfb\u4e0b\u6765\u8fd8\u662f\u89c9\u5f97\u53d7\u76ca\u532a\u6d45\uff0c\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u53ef\u4ee5\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u53bb\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span 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style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">\u6625\u8282\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u770b\u97f3\u4e50\u5267\u300aSomething Rotten\u300b\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u6709\u4e00\u9996\u6b4c\u5531&#8221;<em>Sure as the day follows the night \/ Sure as the sky turns to blue \/ This much I know \/ This much is true \/ Above all else, whatever you do<\/em>&#8220;\u3002\u5728\u5267\u9662\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u7a81\u7136\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u4e00\u76f4\u56f0\u6270\u6211\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898&#8221;\u6211\u4eec\u600e\u4e48\u5c31\u6beb\u4e0d\u8d28\u7591\u5730\u76f8\u4fe1\u660e\u5929\u592a\u9633\u4f1a\u5347\u8d77\uff08\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u7eff\u8272\u7684\u592a\u9633\u6216\u8005\u7bee\u7403\u6216\u8005\u82f9\u679c\u4f1a\u5347\u8d77\uff09&#8221;\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u5b9e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76f8\u4fe1\u662f\u6709\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5bf9&#8221;\u660e\u5929\u592a\u9633\u4f1a\u5347\u8d77&#8221;\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u6211\u4eec\u76f8\u4fe1\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u76f8\u5f53\u4e4b\u9ad8\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728100\uff05\u786e\u4fe1\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0f\u786e\u4fe1\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4f60\u5bf9\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u76f8\u4fe1\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6x%\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2ax\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u4f60\u5927\u8111\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f6e\u4fe1\u6570\u503c\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u800c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u65e2\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u76f8\u4fe1\u7a0b\u5ea6\u53ea\u662fx\uff08x&lt;100\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u8fd0\u7b97\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2ax\u548c\u7f6e\u4fe1\u6570\u503c\u6bd4\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5173\u4e8ebelief\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u5f88\u6709\u8da3\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u4fe1\u5ff5\u3001\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3002\u5f53\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u4e0d\u81ea\u89c9\u5730\u5bf9\u5b83\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5584\u610f\u3001\u628a\u5b83\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e00\u4ef6\u5f88\u8822\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff1b\u800c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u4fe1\u5ff5\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u5374\u80fd\u4ee5\u5f88\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u8bf4\u670d\u81ea\u5df1\u4fe1\u5ff5\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u548c\u679a\u4e3e\u79cd\u79cd\u4fe1\u5ff5\u7684\u597d\u5904\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u9759\u4e0b\u6765\u60f3\u4e00\u60f3\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5728\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u5c31\u548c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5728\u82f1\u8bed\u91cc\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u7528\u6cd5\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff1d\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u90a3\u4e9b\u5b97\u6559\u5947\u8ff9\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u5723\u6bcd\u5904\u5973\u751f\u5b50\uff09\u548c\u76f8\u4fe1\u629b\u4e00\u679a\u786c\u5e01\u603b\u4f1a\u843d\u4e0b\u6765\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u611a\u8822\uff08\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u6709\u667a\u6167\uff09\u3002\u518d\u7528\u4e00\u53e5\u6211\u6765\u7231\u8bb2\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u8ff7\u4fe1\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u8ff7\u4fe1\u79d1\u5b66\u662f\u4e00\u7801\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A 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