{"id":2280,"date":"2015-11-17T21:42:27","date_gmt":"2015-11-17T13:42:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yanntardis.com\/?p=2280"},"modified":"2015-11-17T21:43:24","modified_gmt":"2015-11-17T13:43:24","slug":"%e8%a5%bf%e6%96%b9%e5%93%b2%e5%ad%a6%e5%8f%b2%ef%bc%9a%e6%96%af%e5%ae%be%e8%af%ba%e8%8e%8e","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yanntardis.com\/?p=2280","title":{"rendered":"\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b66\u53f2\uff1a\u65af\u5bbe\u8bfa\u838e"},"content":{"rendered":"<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/yanntardis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/A-History-of-Western-Philosophy.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-2211\" src=\"https:\/\/yanntardis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/A-History-of-Western-Philosophy-188x300.jpg\" alt=\"A History of Western Philosophy\" width=\"188\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/yanntardis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/A-History-of-Western-Philosophy-188x300.jpg 188w, https:\/\/yanntardis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/A-History-of-Western-Philosophy.jpg 288w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 188px) 100vw, 188px\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<td><em>A History of Western Philosophy<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b66\u53f2<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Bertrand Russell<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u7f57\u7d20<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>9780415325059<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u65af\u5bbe\u8bfa\u838e\uff08<strong>Baruch Spinoza<\/strong>\uff09\u662f17\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u8377\u5170\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u539f\u662f\u8461\u8404\u7259\u88d4\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\uff0c\u5374\u88ab\u9a71\u9010\u51fa\u72b9\u592a\u6559\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u8d2f\u5f7b\u795e\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5374\u88ab\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5217\u4e3a\u7981\u4e66\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u6709\u540d\u7684\u300aTractatus Theologico-Politicus\u300b\uff08\u795e\u5b66\u653f\u6cbb\u8bba\uff09\u548c\u300aTractatus Politicus\u300b\uff08\u653f\u6cbb\u8bba\uff09\u91cc\uff0c\u4ed6\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\u3002\u65af\u5bbe\u8bfa\u838e\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\u548c\u970d\u5e03\u58eb\u7684\u9887\u6709\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e3b\u6743\u8005\u65e0\u8fc7\u5e76\u4e14\u53cd\u5bf9\u4e00\u5207\u53db\u4e71\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u65af\u5bbe\u8bfa\u838e\u4e0e\u970d\u5e03\u58eb\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\u4ed6\u63a8\u5d07\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u7531\u5f88\u8981\u7d27\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65af\u5bbe\u8bfa\u838e\u6700\u6709\u540d\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u5728\u4ed6\u6b7b\u540e\u624d\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u53eb\u505a\u300a<strong>Ethics<\/strong>\u300b\uff08\u4f26\u7406\u5b66\uff09\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u91cc\uff0c\u65af\u5bbe\u8bfa\u838e\u5206\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u60f3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\u662f\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b66\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u4ece\u53cd\u5bf9\u7b1b\u5361\u5c14\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u7b1b\u5361\u5c14\u89c9\u5f97\u6709\u7cbe\u795e\u548c\u7269\u8d28\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u7531\u601d\u7ef4\u548c\u5e7f\u5ef6\u6027\u754c\u5b9a\u3002\u65af\u5bbe\u8bfa\u838e\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\u601d\u7ef4\u548c\u5e7f\u5ef6\u6027\u90fd\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u795e\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u6709\u901a\u8fc7\u5426\u5b9a\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u6709\u9650\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u800c\u5b8c\u5168\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u795e\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u5f15\u51fa\u4e86\u65af\u5bbe\u8bfa\u838e\u7684\u6cdb\u795e\u8bba\uff08<strong>pantheism<\/strong>\uff09\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u5373\u795e\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u795e\u662f\u6240\u6709\u4e00\u5207\u3001\u795e\u5373\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u3002\u800c\u4e00\u5207\u4e8b\u7269\u90fd\u53d7\u7740\u4e00\u79cd\u7edd\u5bf9\u903b\u8f91\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u7684\u652f\u914d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7\u53ef\u8a00\u3002\u65af\u5bbe\u8bfa\u838e\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u88ab\u8d28\u7591\u7684\u70b9\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u795e\u5373\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u5141\u8bb8\u6076\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u548c\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u65af\u5bbe\u8bfa\u838e\u7684\u56de\u5e94\u662f\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4ece\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u6709\u9650\u89d2\u5ea6\u51fa\u53d1\u624d\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff08\u5426\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u662f\u6076\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4ece\u795e\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5584\u6076\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u300aEthics\u300b\u91cc\uff0c\u65af\u5bbe\u8bfa\u838e\u8fd0\u7528\u7684\u662f\u51e0\u4f55\u5b66\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u6709\u5b9a\u4e49\u3001\u6709\u516c\u7406\u3001\u6709\u5b9a\u7406\uff0c\u516c\u7406\u540e\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u6f14\u7ece\u8bba\u8bc1\u63a8\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u6b21\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u611f\u60c5\u548c\u610f\u5fd7\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u3002\u81ea\u6211\u4fdd\u5168\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u611f\u60c5\u7684\u6839\u672c\u52a8\u673a\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u906d\u9047\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u662f\u7531\u5916\u754c\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u51e0\u5206\u81ea\u51b3\uff0c\u4fbf\u6709\u51e0\u5206\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u65f6\u95f4\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e2d\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u6709\u9650\u6027\u4f1a\u548c\u611f\u60c5\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u795e\u7684\u773c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u73b0\u5728\u672a\u6765\u7684\u5dee\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7528\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u8bdd\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5f53\u4f60\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4f60\u662f\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u4e3b\u5bb0\uff0c\u4f60\u5728\u88ab\u5e0c\u671b\uff0f\u6050\u60e7\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u611f\u60c5\u5974\u5f79\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u5f53\u4f60\u660e\u767d\u4f60\u53ea\u662f\u4e2a\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u5c0f\u68cb\u5b50\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31&#8221;\u5706\u6ee1&#8221;\u4e86\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u4e86\uff08free\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u53d7\u8fd9\u79cd\u611f\u60c5\u7684\u5974\u5f79\u4e86\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff08\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\uff09\uff0c\u8fd0\u7528\u65af\u5bbe\u8bfa\u838e\u7684\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b66\uff08\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff09\uff0c\u4fbf\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u65af\u5bbe\u8bfa\u838e\u7684\u4f26\u7406\u5b66\uff08\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\uff09\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7231\u795e\uff0c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u795e\uff08\u81ea\u7136\uff09\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u795e\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u6211\u4eec\u4fbf\u514d\u9664\u4e86\u90a3\u4e9b&#8221;\u70bd\u60c5&#8221;\u7684\u611f\u60c5\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u906d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